Diabetes Care and Education - A Dietetic Practice Group of the American Dietetic Association

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DCE JADA Supplement	April 2008
The Role of Physical Activity in Diabetes Management and Prevention by Charlotte Hayes MMSc, MS, RD, CDE; Andrea M. Kriska, PhD	Back to DCE JADA Supplement Menu

Figure 2: Exercise Recommendations for General Health and Diabetes Management and Prevention
Statement	Population	Aerobic Exercise	Resistance Exercise	Flexibility Stretching
Haskell and colleagues, 2007 (6)	US Adults	Frequency: 5 days per week of moderate activity or 3 days per week of vigorous activity Intensity: 3.0-6.0 METs^a (moderate) to >6.0 METs (vigorous) Duration: 20-30 minutes per session with minimum of 10 min/activity session	Frequency: >2 nonconsecutive days/week Intensity: Weight that can be lifted 8-12 times (40%-60% 1 RM^b) Duration: 8-10 exercises	Frequency: On days when aerobic or resistance activity is performed Intensity: Stretch to moderate discomfort Duration: 10 min/session; 3-4 repetitions/stretch, hold each stretch for 10- 30 seconds/repetition

Statement	Population	Aerobic Exercise	Resistance Exercise	Flexibility Stretching
American Diabetes Association, 2007 (47)	Diabetes Prevention	>150 min/week of moderate to vigorous physical activity Engage in at least 30 min/day of activity (above usual activity) most days of the week; 10-30 min/activity session		No recommendation for or against flexibility as a routine part of an exercise prescription

Statement	Population	Aerobic Exercise	Resistance Exercise	Flexibility Stretching
Sigal and colleagues, 2006 (27)	Type 2 Diabetes	Frequency: 3-7 days/week with no more than 2 consecutive days without activity Intensity: 50% - >70% HRmax^c (moderate – vigorous) Duration: >150 min/week of moderate activity or >90 min/week of vigorous activity; minimum of 10 min/activity session	Frequency: >3 days/week ( at least 48 h between sessions) Intensity: Weight that cannot be lifted > 8-10 times (40%-60% of 1 RM) Duration: > 8 exercises, 8-10 reps each, up to 3 sets	No recommendation for or against flexibility as a routine part of an exercise prescription

Statement	Population	Aerobic Exercise	Resistance Exercise	Flexibility Stretching
Haskell and colleagues, 2007 (6) ACSM 2006 (48)	Type 1 Diabetes	Frequency: 3-4 days/week with no more than 2 consecutive days without activity Intensity: 50% - 80% HRR^d Duration: 20-60 min/session or > 150 min/week of moderate activity or > 90 min/week of vigorous activity; minimum of 10 min/activity session	Frequency: >2 nonconsecutive days/week Intensity: Weight that can be lifted 10-15 times (40%-60% 1 RM) Duration: 8-10 exercises, 1-3 sets	Frequency: On days when aerobic or resistance activity is performed Intensity: Stretch to moderate discomfort Duration: 10 min/session; 3-4 repetitions/stretch, hold each stretch for 10- 30 sec/repetition

Statement	Population	Aerobic Exercise	Resistance Exercise	Flexibility Stretching
Haskell and colleagues 2007 (6)	Weight Management Prevention of Weight Gain Prevention of Weight Re-gain	~ 60 min. of moderate-intensity physical activity, above usual activity, on most days of the week At least 60-90 min. of moderate daily activity (to accrue 2000 – 2500 calorie/week energy expenditure)






Figure 2: Exercise recommendations for general health and diabetes management and prevention. Recommended amounts of activity are in addition to routine activities of daily living. Adults are defined as aged 18 – 65 years.^aMETs=metabolic equivalents; expresses oxygen uptake relative to resting values (one MET represents resting energy expenditure). ^bRM=repetition maximum; highest amount of weight lifted or resistance tolerated with maximal effort on one repetition. ^cHRmax=maximal heart rate; highest heart rate achieved during progressive maximal exercise test or estimated using formula HRmax = 220 – age. ^dHRR=heart rate reserve; calculated by subtracting resting heart rate (HRrest) from HRmax: HRR = HRmax – HR rest.

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